Elimination of Engine Bleed Air Contamination (SAE - October, 1955)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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EU Legislation Summaries - Consumer Safety
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Air Quality in Airplane Cabins and Similar Enclosed Spaces (Martin B. Hocking, The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry) (Preview)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Material Data Safety Sheet - Tricresyl Phosphate
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Organophosphate Exposure Research Papers by Prof. Mohamed B. Abou-Donia (1981 - 2008)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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AUTOANTIBODIES TO NERVOUS SYSTEM-SPECIFIC PROTEINS ARE ELEVATED IN SERA OF FLIGHT CREW MEMBERS: BIOMARKERS FOR NERVOUS SYSTEM INJURY [Abstract] (Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Aerotoxic Syndrome Key Papers (1999 – Present)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Air Safety and Cabin Air Quality in the BAe 146 Aircraft Report (Australian Senate Report - October 2000)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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NASA - ASRS Database Report - Cabin Smoke, Fire, Fumes, or Odor Incidents
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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GAPAN Summary Report - Health Effects of Contaminants in Aircraft Cabin Air by Prof. Michael Bagshaw
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Press Release from Dr Sarah Myhill (ME/CFS)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| 3rd December 2012:
Discussion of the release of the paper: "Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction in the treatment of Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) - a clinical audit". Int J Clin Exp Med 2013;6 (1):1-15 Sarah Myhill, Norman E Booth, John McLaren-Howard
Click here to read the full press release |
Neurobehavioral problems following low-level exposure to organophosphate pesticides: a systematic and meta-analytic review (Summary)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| 19th November 2012:
Meta-analysis was carried out to determine the neurotoxic effects of long-term exposure to low levels of organophosphates (OPs) in occupational settings. Concern about the effects of OPs on human health has been growing as they are increasingly used throughout the world for a variety of agricultural, industrial and domestic purposes. The neurotoxic effects of acute poisoning are well established but the possibility that low-level exposure causes ill health is controversial. It is important to get a clear answer to this question as more individuals are at risk of low-level exposure than acute poisoning. Although a number of reviews on this topic have been published in the past, authors have come to conflicting conclusions. To date, none of these reviews have attempted quantitative evaluation of study findings using meta-analysis. Click here to read the full summary Brain and nervous system damaged by low-level exposure to pesticides (UCL) |
The Risks that Pesticdes Pose to Children by Becky Riley (October 2000)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Science Direct Article - Identifying safer anti-wear triaryl phosphate additives for jet engine lubricants
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| Organophosphates in Aircraft Cabin and Cockpit Air — Method Development and Measurements of Contaminants
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| Assessing Aircraft Supply Air to Recommend Compounds for Timely Warning of Contamination - Richard Fox
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| Chronic Exposure To Organophosphates: Background and Clinical Picture
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Collegium Basilea Cranfield Workshop report: from the Journal of Biological Physics and Chemistry
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| CASA Report: Contamination of Aircraft Cabin Air By Bleed Air
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| European Cockpit Association - "Cabin Air Contamination – A Safety Issue"
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| Organophosphate Poisoning by Dr Helen Fullerton
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| Boeing 787 Technical Explanation of Change of Air Supply
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Determination of Tricresyl Phosphate Air Contamination in Aircraft G. DENOLA, P. J. HANHELA and W. MAZUREK
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Exposure to oil fumes on aircraft: necessary to regulate? By Judith Murawski
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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The “Aerotoxic Syndrome” — real condition or flight of fancy? By Jonathon Burdon
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Reaction of Organophosphorous Agents in Aerotoxic Syndrome
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Exposure to tri-o-cresyl phosphate detected in jet airplane passengers
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Case Study: Analysis of Reported Contaminated Air Events at One Major US Airline in 2009-10
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Analysis of organophosphates in an air filter of a public transport aircraft
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Crew effects from toxic exposures on aircraft 2005 Paper
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| "Crew effects from toxic exposures on aircraft"
A paper published in 2005 by Prof Chris Winder and Capt Susan Michaelis.
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Aerotoxic Syndrome - First published paper
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| Aerotoxic Syndrome - health effects following exposure to jet oil mist during commercial flights.
The first published paper 4 - 6 September 2000
 ICOH 2000
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| EASA Cabin Air Quality on-board Large Aeroplanes |
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European Aviation Safety AgencyCOMMENT RESPONSE DOCUMENT (CRD) TO ADVANCE NOTICE OF PROPOSED AMENDMENT (A-NPA) 2009-10 Executive summary
The Agency published the Advance Notice of Proposed Amendment (A-NPA) 2009-10, dated 28 September 2009, to initiate a discussion around a debate which deals with a specific source of cabin air quality degradation onboard Large Aeroplanes, i.e. air contamination by engine or Auxiliary Power Unit (APU). |
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Dr Susan Michaelis, Global Cabin Air Quality Executive head researcher and an Aerotoxic Syndrome sufferer has just been awarded a PhD in safety science on the subject “Health and Flight Implications From Exposure to Contaminated Air in Aircraft”. Susan has been working on the 975 page document for over ten years and has been awarded the highest possible grade. For her tireless dedication and for helping to bring the issue out into the open, the Aerotoxic Association says “Congratulations”!
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| Airborne Organophosphates in the Aviation Industry |
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| PhD thesis Airborne Organophosphates in the Aviation Industry. Sampling development and occupational exposure measurements.
by Kasper Flatland Solbu This thesis is available for download at: http://op.solbu.no/
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Medical aspects of work-related exposures to organophosphates (Guidance Note MS17)
Written by Health and Safety Executive
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| This guidance document by the Health and Safety Executive (HSE) has information about the toxicology of organophosphates (OPs), acute and chronic symptoms, health monitoring, risk assessments, notification requirements following exposures and legal requirements of any organisations that may use these chemicals. We believe that no airlines are following any of the recommendations or adhering to any of the legal requirements. The HSE no longer publish this document and have been referring people to our site to obtain it.
 MS17, 1980 MS17, 1998 draft MS17, 2000
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Cabin air filtration solutions
Written by Pall Corporation
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|  Despite the airlines and regulators insisting that filtering aircraft cabin air is still not technically possible, solutions do already exist and a limited number are already in operation on airliners.
Filter manufacturers Pall Corporation presented a paper at the 40th International Conference on Environmental Systems detailing various filtration solutions.
Pall Corporation - Cabin air filtration systems
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Development of diagnostics in the search for an explanation of Aerotoxic Syndrome
Written by Lawrence M. Schopfer, Clement E. Furlong, Oksana Lockridge
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An Attempt to Characterize the Frequency, Health Impact, and Operational Costs of Oil in the Cabin and Flight Deck Supply Air on U.S. Commercial Aircraft
Written by Judith T. L. Murawski and David S. Supplee
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European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) Cabin Air Quality survey submissions
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| On 8th January 2010 the European Aviation Safety Agency (EASA) closed its survey on “Cabin Air Quality onboard Large Aeroplanes”. Here are some of the submissions:
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| Review of OPIN register of suspected OP - related health complaints
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| From the DEFRA website. Review of the Organophosphates Information Network (OPIN) register of suspected organophosphate – related health complaints. The register consists of farmers exposed to OPs, but the information in the documents may be of interest to aircrew and passengers exposed to OPs in contaminated cabin air. |
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Aerotoxic syndrome: a descriptive epidemiological survey of aircrew exposed to in-cabin airborne contaminants
Written by C Winder, P Fonteyn, J-C Balouet
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Organophosphates report
Written by John Harvey / OPIN
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Professor Bagshaw's “The ‘Aerotoxic Syndrome’”
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| To provide an alternative viewpoint, here is an Aviation medical expert's view of Aerotoxic Syndrome, from September 2008. Please note: The Aerotoxic Association does not agree with Professor Bagshaw's views. The “Aerotoxic Syndrome” report
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| BAE Systems: Engine oil seals leak
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| In an All Operator Message, BAE Systems admits that oil gets into the cabins of their BAe 146 and Avro 146-RJ aircraft: |
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Identification and Characterization of Biomarkers of Organophosphorus (OP) Exposures in Humans
Written by Clement Furlong
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Interests and the shaping of an occupational health and safety controversy: the BAe 146 case
Written by Nickolas Vakas, University of Wollongong
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Neuropsychological and Psychiatric Functioning in Sheep Farmers Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides
Written by Dr Sarah Mackenzie Ross, University College London
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A survey of health symptoms in BALPA Boeing 757 pilots
Written by Susan Michaelis
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Preliminary report on Aerotoxic Syndrome (AS) and the need for diagnostic neurophysiological tests
Written by Margaret Hale and Judith Al-Seffar
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| “Researchers have found, in studies carried out over several years, that many passengers and crew, following their recent flights in commercial jet aeroplanes, have become unwell, with a range of symptoms in common. This condition, which has not yet been officially recognised, is called Aerotoxic Syndrome (AS).” Preliminary report on Aerotoxic Syndrome Report summary
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The Toxicity of Commercial Jet Oils
Written by Chris Winder and Jean-Christophe Balouet
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Hazardous Chemicals on Jet Aircraft: Case Study - Jet Engine Oils and Aerotoxic Syndrome
Written by Chris Winder, University of New South Wales
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Air Monitoring Studies for Aircraft Cabin Contamination
Written by Chris Winder, University of New South Wales
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| BALPA - Contaminated Air Protection - Air Safety and Cabin Air Quality
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BAE Systems 146/RJ Service Information Leaflet 21-146-RJ-536-1 Cabin Air Quality Troubleshooting Advice and Relevant Modifications
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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| Cabin Air Quality Troubleshooting Advice and Relevant Modifications.
Leaflet and Aerotoxic Association comment ... |
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Cognitive function following exposure to contaminated air on commercial aircraft
Written by Dr Sarah Mackenzie Ross, University College London
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ExxonMobil Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) for Mobil Jet II
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Tricresyl Phosphate (TCP) Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
Written by Aerotoxic Association
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Review of literature relating to the effects on humans of exposure to organophosphates
Written by Elizabeth Sigmund, Aerotoxic Association Patron
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| Extracts from actual AAIB (Air Accident Investigation Branch) reports |
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Ill health Following Exposure to Contaminated Aircraft Air: Psychosomatic Disorder or Neurological Injury?
Written by Dr Sarah Mackenzie Ross, University College London
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Aerotoxic Syndrome - Notes to support Parliamentary Presentation June 18th 2007.
Written by Prof Malcolm Hooper, Aerotoxic Association Scientific Adviser
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| In a presentation to the UK Parliament in 2007, Malcolm Hooper stated his concern that the responsible authorities are using “obfuscation, deception and even downright lying” by trying to sustain the theory that Aerotoxic Syndrome is psychological in nature rather than neurological as a result of exposures to toxic aircraft cabin air.
Notes to support Parliamentary Presentation June 18th 2007
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Government activity
Tuesday, 12 June 2007 00:00
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| Hansard - UK
Hansard is the daily updated record of questions and debates in the UK Houses of Parliament
Hansard - Australia
Questions and answers about cabin air quality in the Australian Senate and House of Representatives.
Government reports
UK House of Lords, UK Committee on Toxicity, FAA, CAA, NAS, UK Dept of Health, Australian Government including Senate report "Air Safety and Cabin Air Quality in the BAe 146 Aircraft"
Government recommendations
Including:
Australian Senate Enquiry into Air Safety
USA National Academy of Sciences to the FAA
UK House of Lords
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Conference Poster: Biomarkers of organophosphorus (OP) exposures in humans
OP report from OPIN website
Neuropsychological and Psychiatric Functioning in Sheep Farmers Exposed to Organophosphate Pesticides
Pilot Blood Test results